[스크랩] - 라울선생님의 기초 한국어 강좌 Lesson (12) - Subject, Object, Verb
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvEn9tnXotc
12. Korean Basic- Subject, Object, Verb
* Foreigners, especially Europeans, still have some trouble in using well. So this is additional lesson about it.
1. 은(-eun), 는(-neun), 이(-i), 가(-ga)
When one of these is added to the last part of the noun. The noun becomes the subject of a sentence.
1-1. 유럽인이, 한국어를, 공부한다.
(=Europeans study Korean.)
[ you reop in i, han gug eo reul, gong bu han da.]
1-2. 한국인은, 외국인에게, 친절하다.
(=Koreans are kind to foreigners.)
[han gug in eun, oi gug in e ge, chin jeol ha da.]
2. 을(-eul), 를(-reul)
Both 을(-eul)and 를(-reul) make the noun the object of a sentence when one of these is attached to the noun. The difference is when consonant sounds in the noun, 을 (-eul）is added, while vowel sounds, 를 (-reul) is added.
2-1. 그녀는, 노래를, 공부한다.
( = She studies Korean pop songs.)
[ geu nyeo neun, no rae reul, gong boo han da.]
2-2. 그녀는, 밥을, 먹는 중이다.
(= She is eating rice.)
[ geu nyeo neun, bab eul, meog neun joong i da.]
3. ~다 (da)
When you see a word with this 다(da) at the end of it, it means the word is used as a verb.
3-1. 그녀는 친절하다.
(= She is kind.)
3-2. 그녀는 친절한 여성이다.
(=She is a kind woman.)
* Kind is translated into Korean as both 친절하다 and 친절한. When you want to use one of these to modify a noun, you have to use 친절한. That's because [ㄴ] in the last syllable of a word usually shows that the word is used as an adjective.